Parsha
Yayakhel
The last few Parshiyos have been about the theory of building the
Mishkan. Either HASHEM instructing Moshe or Moshe instructing Betzalel and Uri
what was needed. The practice work begins this week and the amazing feat of
women threading goat’s hair on the animals into string cutting and threading,
cutting and threading until the string was long enough.
35:1 And Moses
assembled all the congregation of the children of Israel, and said unto them:
'These are the words which the LORD hath commanded, that ye should do them.
Moses
called… to assemble: Heb. וַיַּקְהֵל. [He assembled them]
on the day after Yom Kippur, when he came down from the mountain. This [word]
is a hiph’il [causative] expression [i.e., causing someone to do something],
because one does not assemble people with [one’s] hands [i.e., directly], but
they are assembled through one’s speech. Its Aramaic translation is וְאַכְנֵשׁ.
Rashi
comes to give us a timeline since the Yetzias Mitzrayim and Matan Torah was in
the year 2448, we are now Yud Aleph Tishrei 2449.
2 Six days
shall work be done, but on the seventh day there shall be to you a holy day, a Sabbath
of solemn rest to the LORD; whosoever doeth any work therein shall be put to
death.
Melacha
on Shabbos not physical labor as one can move tables and chairs around a hall
for a Kiddish or sweep up before and after a meal on Shabbos in a hotel. From
Chabad: http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/102032/jewish/The-39-Melachot.htm
There
are thirty-nine general categories of labor that are forbidden on Shabbos. Each of these categories include a
range of derivative laws and activities, some of which are described in "The Shabbat Laws." The melachot are generally
divided into six groups, classified according to the Mishkan's
activities with which they are associated.
Field
Work
- Sowing
- Plowing
- Reaping
- Binding
Sheaves
- Threshing
- Winnowing
- Selecting
- Grinding
- Sifting
- Kneading
- Baking
Making
Material Curtains
- Shearing
Wool
- Cleaning
- Combing
- Dyeing
- Spinning
- Stretching
the Threads
- Making
Loops
- Weaving
Threads
- Separating
the Threads
- Tying a
Knot
- Untying a
Knot
- Sewing
- Tearing
Making
Leather Curtains
- Trapping
- Slaughtering
- Skinning
- Tanning
- Smoothing
- Ruling
Lines
- Cutting
Making
the Beams of the Mishkan
- Writing
- Erasing
The
Putting up and Taking down of the Mishkan
- Building
- Breaking
Down
The
Mishkan's Final Touches
- Extinguishing
a Fire
- Kindling a
Fire
- Striking
the Final Hammer Blow
- Carrying
Six
days: He [Moses] prefaced [the discussion of the details of] the work of the
Mishkan with the warning to keep the Sabbath, denoting that it [i.e., the work
of the Mishkan] does not supersede the Sabbath. -[from Mechilta]
3 Ye shall
kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the Sabbath day.'
You
shall not kindle fire: Some of our Rabbis say that [the prohibition of]
kindling was singled out for a [mere] negative commandment, while others say
that it was singled out to separate [all types of labor]. -[from Shab. 70a]
My
understanding is that fire is given as it perhaps is the most common Melacha.
It was set as an example. There are 39 Melachos for example fire, etc. As one
drives a car or takes transport today, cooking is done almost daily so having a
flame or fire would be common.
4 And Moses
spoke unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, saying: 'This is the
thing which the LORD commanded, saying: 5 Take ye from among you an offering
unto the LORD, whosoever is of a willing heart, let him bring it, the LORD'S
offering: gold, and silver, and brass; 6 and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and
fine linen, and goats' hair; 7 and rams' skins dyed red, and sealskins, and
acacia-wood; 8 and oil for the light, and spices for the anointing oil, and for
the sweet incense; 9 and onyx stones, and stones to be set, for the ephod, and -for
the breastplate. 10 And let every wise-hearted man among you come, and make all
that the LORD hath commanded:
All
these valuable items were donated by Am Yisrael from the heart. This also
countered the Egel HaZahav which only a few donated. All these precious
materials were collected from the Egyptians before leaving.
11 the
tabernacle, its tent, and its covering, its clasps, and its boards, its bars,
its pillars, and its sockets; 12 the ark, and the staves thereof, the
ark-cover, and the veil of the screen; 13 the table, and its staves, and all
its vessels, and the showbread; 14 the candlestick also for the light, and its
vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light; 15 and the altar of incense,
and its staves, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the screen
for the door, at the door of the tabernacle; 16 the altar of burnt-offering,
with its grating of brass, its staves, and all its vessels, the laver and its
base; 17 the hangings of the court, the pillars thereof, and their sockets, and
the screen for the gate of the court; 18 the pins of the tabernacle, and the
pins of the court, and their cords; 19 the plaited garments, for ministering in
the holy place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his
sons, to minister in the priest's office.' 20 And all the congregation of the
children of Israel departed from the presence of Moses. 21 And they came, every
one whose heart stirred him up, and every one whom his spirit made willing, and
brought the LORD'S offering, for the work of the tent of meeting, and for all
the service thereof, and for the holy garments.
The
congregation donated and the princes waited to fill in the missing. Betzalel
and Oholiav were going to build the Mishkan with other craftsman and wise
ladies.
22 And they
came, both men and women, as many as were willing-hearted, and brought
nose-rings, and ear-rings, and signet-rings, and girdles, all jewels of gold;
even every man that brought an offering of gold unto the LORD.
Since
everything was from HASHEM, they know where their wealth came from and withheld
only a few sentimental items or spiritual items such as candle holders, spice
boxes, Kiddush cups.
… 30 And Moses
said unto the children of Israel: 'See, the LORD hath called by name Bezalel
the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah. 31 And He hath filled
him with the spirit of God, in wisdom, in understanding, and in knowledge, and
in all manner of workmanship.
Hur
died on a Kiddush HASHEM at the golden calf and it was only fitting that his
grandson would produce the works for HASHEM.
32 And to
devise skillful works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass, 33 and in
cutting of stones for setting, and in carving of wood, to work in all manner of
skillful workmanship.
Up
until now was the metal work and the women did the cloth work.
34 And He has
put in his heart that he may teach, both he, and Oholiab, the son of Ahisamach,
of the tribe of Dan. 35 Them hath He filled with wisdom of heart, to work all
manner of workmanship, of the craftsman, and of the skillful workman, and of
the weaver in colors, in blue, and in purple, in scarlet, and in fine linen,
and of the weaver, even of them that do any workmanship, and of those that
devise skillful works.
He
was the chief tailor with the women making the threads and he and his staff
assembling the heavy curtains for each curtain based on the thickness and
length needed a number of men to lift and move. In the Temple it took 300 men
to Tovel (dip or soak) in water the curtains for the water tension and weight
make them extremely heavy as I calculated just based on the weight of the water
without the cloth.
The Unknown
Rabbinical Authority by Rabbi Yerachmiel Tilles
Photo of the Rav in the original story: Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman
Auerbach was born and spent his
entire life in the Shaarei Chesed neighborhood of Central Jerusalem. His
father, Rabbi Chaim Yehudah Leib Auerbach was a leading Kabbbalist of his
generation and the founder and first head of the Kabbalah Yeshiva, Sha'ar
HaShamayim.
R. Shlomo-Zalman became one of the most knowledgeable and important decisors of Jewish law in Israel in the latter half of the 20th century. Jews from across the spectrum of observance and, famously, from the secular academic, medical and scientific communities as well, flocked to his home for "daat Torah" - authoritative Torah perspective on all aspects of life.
R. Shlomo-Zalman became one of the most knowledgeable and important decisors of Jewish law in Israel in the latter half of the 20th century. Jews from across the spectrum of observance and, famously, from the secular academic, medical and scientific communities as well, flocked to his home for "daat Torah" - authoritative Torah perspective on all aspects of life.
This oversight stunned the journalists, many of whom admitted being ashamed of their ignorance.
Rabbi Meir Lau, then the chief rabbi of Israel, received a phone call from a reporter in a helicopter asking who was this person that 300,000 people came out for. Rabbi Lau answered that part of his greatness was precisely that so many people did not know anything about him. He refused to go to any event with a political overtone and was accepted by all the religious communities.
* * *
After 54 years of marriage, his wife, Chaya-Rivkah, passed away in 1994. At her funeral R. Shlomo-Zalman was heard to utter the following remarkable words: "It is customary to request forgiveness from the deceased. However, I have nothing to ask you forgiveness for. During the course of our marriage never did anything occur that would require either of us to ask the other's forgiveness…"
When Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman passed away one year later, a beggar in his neighbor-hood sobbed in anguish: "Now who will say 'good morning' to me every day?"
During the mourning period, the Auerbach family recounted a story that occurred one night at a very late hour. A knock was heard on the door of their home in Shaarei Chesed. A chassan and kallah (bride and groom) entered, neither of whom were from religious homes, with a difficult question. Their wedding was a week away, and it had suddenly been revealed that the kallah was disqualified for marriage according to Jewish law [through no fault of her own - a problem of lineage -ed.], and it was forbidden for them to marry.
They imploringly questioned
Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman, "What should we do?" The leading authority in
Jewish Law gestured with his hands in despair that there was nothing he could
do.
Then he turned to the forlorn couple and said, "You're asking me what to do, and I know that there's nothing to be done; how can I provide permission for someone forbidden to marry? There is only one thing in my power to do for you: I can cry."
Then he turned to the forlorn couple and said, "You're asking me what to do, and I know that there's nothing to be done; how can I provide permission for someone forbidden to marry? There is only one thing in my power to do for you: I can cry."
The acclaimed Torah scholar
took all of his Torah which he learned his entire lifetime, all the holiness of
his heart and all the purity of his soul, and burst out in heart-rending
weeping.
Less than twenty-four hours later, the chassan and kallah appeared again at the Auerbach home. They told the rabbi that a man had suddenly arrived from Argentina who knew the kallah's family well. He testified that the information they had received previously was false and that thekallah was not forbidden to marry!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Shortly before Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman passed away he advised a young family member, "Learn well. Eat well. Sleep well. And always smile."
Less than twenty-four hours later, the chassan and kallah appeared again at the Auerbach home. They told the rabbi that a man had suddenly arrived from Argentina who knew the kallah's family well. He testified that the information they had received previously was false and that thekallah was not forbidden to marry!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Shortly before Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman passed away he advised a young family member, "Learn well. Eat well. Sleep well. And always smile."
Sources: Compiled and adapted by Yerachmiel Tilles from
//shemayisrael.co.il/publicat/hazon (Yosef Ben Shlomo Hakohen)
//ou.org/jewish_action/02/2014/gentle-giant-rabbi-shlomo-zalman-auerbach-ztl/
//revach.net/stories/story-corner/Rav-Shlomo-Zalman-Auerbach-All-I-Can-Do-For-You-Is-Cry/1264 (as translated from Aleinu Leshabeach)
Biographical note:
Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman Auerbach [23 Tamuz 5670 - 20 Adar, 5755 (July 1910 - March 1995 C.E.)] was born and spent his entire life in the Shaarei Chesed neighborhood of Central Jerusalem. He was one of the most knowledgeable and important decisors of Jewish law in Israel in his generation. Religious Jews from across the spectrum of observance and, famously, from the secular academic, medical and scientific communities as well, flocked to his home for Torah perspective on all aspects of life. Local police estimated that at least 300,000 people attended his funeral. (I was among them and heard Rav Shach give a Chespid.)
Editor's note: A well-written biography in English of Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman Auerbach is "And From Jerusalem His Word" by Hanoch Teller (Feldheim).
Connection: Seasonal-Monday, 20 Adar (2016: Feb. 29) is the yahrzeit of Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman Auerbach.
//ou.org/jewish_action/02/2014/gentle-giant-rabbi-shlomo-zalman-auerbach-ztl/
//revach.net/stories/story-corner/Rav-Shlomo-Zalman-Auerbach-All-I-Can-Do-For-You-Is-Cry/1264 (as translated from Aleinu Leshabeach)
Biographical note:
Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman Auerbach [23 Tamuz 5670 - 20 Adar, 5755 (July 1910 - March 1995 C.E.)] was born and spent his entire life in the Shaarei Chesed neighborhood of Central Jerusalem. He was one of the most knowledgeable and important decisors of Jewish law in Israel in his generation. Religious Jews from across the spectrum of observance and, famously, from the secular academic, medical and scientific communities as well, flocked to his home for Torah perspective on all aspects of life. Local police estimated that at least 300,000 people attended his funeral. (I was among them and heard Rav Shach give a Chespid.)
Editor's note: A well-written biography in English of Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman Auerbach is "And From Jerusalem His Word" by Hanoch Teller (Feldheim).
Connection: Seasonal-Monday, 20 Adar (2016: Feb. 29) is the yahrzeit of Rabbi Shlomo-Zalman Auerbach.
A Gem from Rabbi Kochavi Shlita. This week is Parsha Shekelim.
Mechetzit HaShekel (from half a Shekel). Mem-Chet-Tzadee-Yud-Tav if a person
goes and is close to a Tzaddik (Tzadee) like the letters Chet and Yud then he
is Chai and lives but if one is far away from the Tzaddik like the letters Mem
and Tav then he dies Mayt.
The Hebrews by Alan Magill
thanks to Judith
In
retrospect, what a beautiful French Canadian woman said to me on the Atlantic City
Boardwalk many, many, many Summers ago should have made perfect sense.
But at the time, it threw me for a loop. “Alan, what religion...you?” she
asked, with fractured syntax but clear intent.
Only
hours before I was unattached, living the dream of a writer in that city by the
sea, thrilled by what I was discovering by my words on paper and less than
happy by my failure to make connections with people in the real world. I
certainly wasn’t thinking about religion. Yes, I was Jewish, but since my
Bar Mitzvah a decade ago I had rarely stepped inside a synagogue.
Only
hours before that question about religion, I was sitting in the lobby of a
fancy hotel watching a baseball game on a television that my small boarding
house type establishment didn’t provide.
Suddenly,
the play by play man’s voice was drowned out by the sweet sound of young ladies
laughing, speaking French words hurriedly. I looked up and saw these
ladies walking through the lobby and out the door, no doubt excited by what
awaited them. I was surprised to see that one of them had stayed behind,
and she looked so lonely...like the rest of the ladies had abandoned her.
That
wasn’t nice. I would do something about that. No one deserves to be
alone.
I was painfully aware of that myself.
I
walked over to her smiling, and she smiled back. Ahhhhhh!!!!! A
connection, that I so very much wanted, appeared to be in the offing.
“Are
you new to Atlantic City?” I asked. Her face screwed up in
consternation. She was struggling to make some sense of what I had
said.
“Knew,”
she said, in her strong French accent “I know, he knows, he knew?.”
“No,”
I said, smiling. “Never mind.”
Through
a lot of back and forth I learned that she was from a tour group from Quebec
and that she understood English by conjugating verbs into a form that she
understood, and that she was from a small farm and that the other girls in the
group, from the bigger cities, had nothing in common with her and wanted
nothing to do with her. I certainly wanted something to do with her...I
wanted to help her...I wanted to make her feel at home...wanted her to feel
that she belonged.
I
motioned with my arm that she should come with me out the door and that I would
show her around. “Please,” I said smiling, and her smile met mine in the
sweetest connection I had known since I had come to Atlantic City a month ago.
As
I showed her the sights, we got to know each other a little better. I
asked her name and when she said it was Joanne, I told her that I had a friend
named Joanne back home and that I had bought her flowers for her
birthday.
“Bought?,”
she said, concentrating hard. “I buy. He buys. He bought.”
“Yes!”
I said.
“Yes!”
she said. We laughed.
And
that’s the way the whole night went. Me talking and her conjugating all
my verbs. I was flattered. Unlike everyone else who seemed to be in
a rush, she took the time to listen and cared about every word I said.
I
took her on rides at amusement piers, we played games of chance, I bought her
an ice cream, I helped her pick our postcards and we did all the things that
people do in the excitement of having first met.
By
now, it was late at night and there was a full moon. I led her to a bench
looking out at the ocean. We listened to the waves gently lapping to the
nearby shore. From a distance I heard a radio playing a Frank Sinatra
song, “Strangers in the Night.” I was at peace and I felt so
connected to her.
I
looked in her eyes and she into mine. If ever two strangers had met, this
was it.
I imagined us friends and even more than friends.
I moved closer to her and she held her gaze on me. This was one of the
happiest moments of my life. We were in total sync.
Then
she asked THAT QUESTION. “Alan, what religion...you?”
I
was stunned. Where did that come from? Just when everything was
going so well.
What scared me was that I had to think – only a half
second to be sure – before I could come up with the answer.
“Jewish,”
I said.
Gone
was her smile. Her face screwed up in consternation.
“Ooooooooish?,”
she asked.
“No...Jewish,”
I said.
“No
understand,” she replied.
And
then it hit me like a ton of bricks. Here I was feeling so connected to
her and she didn’t even know the slightest thing about who I was. And
what’s worse, I didn’t appear to know that much about it either.
Suddenly
my connection to my Jewishness became very important to me. Here was a
young lady from a distant small farm who had never heard of us and I was going
to make sure that before we parted she would know who we were. I
remembered something about how we’re supposed to be “A light unto the
nations.” Well, now it was time for me to shine some of that light on
her.
I
conjured up every bit of learning that I could recall from my after-school
rabbi who I went to for one year to learn my Bar Mitzvah parsha and whatever
else he could get in.
I
was telling Joanne, “You know, the people from Abraham, Issac and Jacob!”
“No...no...no,”
she said.
“We
were slaves in Egypt. G-d sent Moses to lead us out. G-d brought
ten plagues upon the Egyptians...you must have heard about us!”
“I’m
sorry...No!”
I
told her about the parting of the Red Sea, how we were saved and how the
Egyptians drowned. I told her, with great joy in my heart, how G-d led us
to Mount Siani where we got the Ten Commandments.
Joanne
just looked at me like I was speaking a foreign language, which of course I
was.
“Oh
well,” I said, conceding defeat. “I guess everyone hasn’t heard of us
Hebrews.”
A
flash of recognition in her eyes. “Hebrews,” she said.
“It’s
familiar?” I asked.
“Yes,
Hebrews!” she said with great emotion.
“This
is great. You’ve heard of us.”
Bubbly,
she stated, “Hebrews, and then added, “He bring. He brung. He
brew.”
I
wanted to laugh very hard, but I knew that wouldn’t be fair to her.
I
just smiled and she smiled back.
And
now looking back at this many decades later, I see that Joanne’s non-sequitur
question about religion made perfect sense. "He bring, He brung, He
brew"... Through all of the verb tenses -- past, present and future
-- I am a Jew. Now, married, religious and committed to
Yiddishkeit I see that on that night and many other nights that Hashem was
watching over me, and leading me away from connections that were not in my best
interests toward those connections that are truly part and parcel of who I
am.
From
Henia O. the Jews of Jamaica and Yiddisher Pirates a 35-minute film. http://www.baba-mail.co.il/video.aspx?emailid=36033
From
Svia: Kids kicking cancer a treatment that gets them through the grueling
treatments with breathing and martial arts: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VllRpMX0BHA
From Judith: It was a little more than two years after
this that the chosson/chatan, Tuvia Yanai Weissman, was himself murdered a few
days ago while heroically trying to save others from being murdered by
terrorists with his bare hands: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jmVkLuAZv2I&feature=player_embedded
Soon to be released for Anusim who want to
convert Sephardic Rabbis. https://www.facebook.com/196385327737/photos/a.10154486979307738.1073741938.196385327737/10154617697957738/?type=3&theater
The holiness of the city cannot hold violations of Shabbos and
the people emigrate to Tel Aviv from Yerushalayim: http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4770388,00.html
Apple
using Israeli brains but the terrorist do not boycott their encoding: http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4771871,00.html
No
matter what your opinion is of Rabbi Y. Mizrachi this is a nice film: https://www.facebook.com/RabbiYosefMizrachi/videos/10154061743599248/?fref=nf
Cellphone
records will prove guilt or innocence in this case because one could not be in
two places at once. It might be revenge on the general: http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4773653,00.html
Inyanay
Diyoma
Another
girl terrorist goes to trial: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208580#.VtBs-5x96M8
Extremists
win in Iran by guarding the ballots: http://debka.com/article/25262/Fundamentalists-and-Revolutionary-Guards-steal-Iran%E2%80%99s-elections
Maalei
Adumim drive by shooting: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208590#.VtHXu5x96M8
PLO
Terrorist on the Golan: http://debka.com/article/25264/Iran-uses-Syrian-truce-to-deploy-hundreds-of-Palestinian-terrorists-on-Golan-border-
Arab
who stabbed his wife shot and killed as he attacks cops: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208601#.VtJocZx96M8
IDF
prepares for the next Lebanese War. The starting assumption is
that Hezbollah currently has no interest in launching the Third Lebanon War.
Its operations stretch from Yemen to Syria, where 7,000 of its fighters remain
and where it lost 1,300 of them to the Syrian Civil War. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4771607,00.html
This
week’s into the Fray goes down under against PC: http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/INTO-THE-FRAY-Embrace-political-truth-not-political-correctnesS-446157
Zvi HaCohain ben Batya, the guard who was unarmed, knew the attacker as a worker and
opened up the mall for him and was heading for the store where the attacker
worked. The Arab claimed that he had to prepare for Friday Morning shopping for
Shabbos at the store. He then pulled and ax and with blows to the head and
limbs fled. The family of the terrorist fearing their house would be destroyed,
turned their son in.
Sunday evening a
driver in Natzeret was reported to the police who flagged him down. He speeded
up seriously injuring the policeman. Elsewhere the army destroyed the house of
a terrorist who ran over and killed a policeman.
Dutch
find 10 war crime suspects among refuges: http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Dutch-find-10-Syrian-war-crime-suspects-among-thousand-of-migrants-446422
Remember
the Chevron Sniper that killed Shalchevet Pass? Possibly caught: http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4772387,00.html
France-
Egypt on Libya: http://debka.com/article/25266/French-nuke-carrier-for-sea-air-drill-with-Egypt-ahead-of-Libya-offensive
Two
terrorist breach the security at Eli and attack family. The father is injured
by their knives but they are neutralized before they could do further damage. http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208780
Hezballah
working on developing WMD. http://debka.com/article/25268/Hizballah-launches-Chemicals-Dirty-Bombs-program-at-secret-Syrian-site
Hamas
kills one of their own was he a spy for Israel or some sex scandal? http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4773696,00.html
Russia
loses their military Intelligence Chief in Syria. http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Report-Russias-military-intelligence-chief-killed-in-secret-operation-in-Lebanon-446755
Soldier
attacked with stones near the Yeshiva that respected me in my uniform and this
has nothing to do with the Yeshiva. One of my teachers was the Rosh Yeshiva, in
his 80’s I guess, had the highest respect for me and my Yiddishkeit so the
article is giving out a black eye to a wonderful Yeshiva. I was accepted by all
in my uniform and afterwards: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208835#.VtgX25x96M8
He
talks right but he would give away land if he had the chance: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208839#.VtgaEJx96M8
Female
terrorist does a car ramming one injured: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208898
Jews
no longer fight terror in Israel says ex-Lechi soldier: http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/208900
Saudi
helping rebels in countering the Russian T-90 tanks: http://debka.com/article/25276/Saudis-ready-to-give-Syrian-rebels-missiles-against-Russian-warplanes-and-tanks
Have a wonderful Shabbos,
Rachamim Pauli
